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A standard in the garden not only looks decorative, it also offers many advantages. The trunks are space-saving and robust. Many evergreen hardy plants can be raised to a standard.

In a nutshell

  • large selection of hardy stems
  • many tall evergreen stems grow slowly
  • Regular pruning essential to maintain shape
  • Evergreen doesn't mean the foliage can't be variegated
  • many ornamental plants as tall stems are poisonous

Evergreen, hardy standard trees from B to F

Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens)

  • Height: 200 to 450 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 20 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • Flowering time: March to May
  • Fruits: mostly produces no fruits
  • Leaves: leathery, ovate
  • Location: sunny to shady
  • Soil: normal garden soil
  • ongoing pest control (box tree moth) necessary
  • very frost resistant

Yew (Taxus baccata)

Yew fruits are a favorite for birds because they simply excrete the poisonous seed.
  • Height: 50 to 150 cm
  • Annual growth: 3 to 5 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • Flowering time: March to April
  • Fruits: red berries
  • Leaves: soft needles, dark green
  • Location: sunny to shady
  • Soil: permeable, moist, likes lime
  • very cut compatible
  • poisonous in all parts
  • suitable for greening shady places

Ice silver dwarf curling fir (Abies koreana 'Kohouts Icebreaker')

  • Height: 40 to 80 cm
  • Annual growth: 2 to 5 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • Fruits: red-brown cones, rarely cones form
  • Leaves: silvery needles, evergreen
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: permeable, humic, slightly acidic
  • only usable as a dwarf form as a standard

Strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo)

  • Height: 100 to 200 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 20 cm
  • flowers: white, bell-shaped
  • Flowering period: October to December
  • fruits: red, warty surface
  • Leaves: dark green, shiny
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: humic, fresh, low in lime
  • only conditionally hardy
  • Fruits are edible
  • suitable for tub culture

Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera)

  • Height: 60 to 100 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 10 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • Fruits: small cones
  • leaves: needle-like to scaly
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: permeable, humic
  • very hardy
  • overhanging growth
  • suitable for grave planting

Meatberry (Sarcococca confusa)

  • Height: 50 to 150 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 15 cm
  • flowers: creamy white
  • Flowering period: January to March
  • Fruits: reddish oblong berries
  • Leaves: evergreen, leathery, oblong, tapering
  • Location: partially shaded
  • Soil: fresh, humic
  • attractive fruit decoration

Evergreen hardy tall stems from G to K

Photinia fraseri

Photinia fraseri 'Compacta'
  • Height: 100 to 180 cm
  • Annual growth: 20 to 40 cm
  • flowers: white
  • Flowering period: May to June
  • Fruits: red berries
  • leaves: glossy, lanceolate
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: fresh, humic, permeable
  • reddish bark
  • variegated varieties are also available
  • particularly hardy and easy to care for

Gold privet (Ligustrum ovalifolium)

  • Height: 100 to 170 cm
  • Annual growth: 10 to 20 cm
  • flowers: white
  • Flowering period: June to July
  • fruits: black
  • Leaves: golden yellow, pointed, ovate
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: moist, fresh, humic
  • rarely blooms as a standard

Tip: Not only the Goldliguster can be raised to a standard. All types of privet can be shaped as tall stems with a little effort, but are usually associated with a lot of effort when pruning, as they grow rapidly.

Large-leaved holly (Ilex altaclerensis)

  • Height: 300 to 500 cm
  • Annual growth: 10 to 20 cm
  • flowers: white
  • Flowering time: May
  • Fruits: red berries
  • Leaves: Dark green, leathery, prickly, older leaves with few to no prickles
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: moist, humic, slightly acidic
  • only conditionally hardy and needs protection at low temperatures
  • suitable as a container plant

Himalayan Cedar 'Feelin' Blue' (Cedrus deodora)

  • Height: 40 to 100 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 10 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • fruits: reddish-brown cones
  • Leaves: soft blue-green needles
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: well-drained, nutrient-rich, preferably low-calcareous soil
  • grows very slowly
  • overhanging branches

Japanese Spindle (Euonymus japonicus)

Euonymus japonicus 'Green Spire'
  • Height: 80 to 100 cm
  • Annual growth: 15 to 20 cm
  • flowers: white-yellow, inconspicuous
  • Flowering period: April to August
  • Fruits: orange berries, fruit decoration rare
  • Leaves: shiny, oval, dark green
  • Location: sunny to shady
  • Soil: fresh, well drained
  • very cut compatible
  • Suitable both as a topiary and as a container plant
  • variegated varieties available in white-green or yellow-green

Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus)

  • Height: 120 to 150 cm
  • Annual growth: 15 to 40 cm
  • flowers: white, racemose
  • Flowering time: April to June
  • Fruits: black berries
  • Leaves: dark green, oblong
  • Location: sunny to shady
  • Soil: humus
  • water regularly in full sun
  • all parts of the plant poisonous
  • Flowers popular with insects and fruits popular with birds

creeping spindle (Euonymus fortunei)

Euonymus fortunei 'Emerald Gold'
  • Height: 40 to 60 cm
  • Annual growth: 10 to 25 cm
  • flowers: green-white
  • Flowering period: June to July
  • Fruits: orange-red berries
  • Leaves: ovate, elliptical, evergreen
  • Location: sunny to shady
  • Soil: fresh, moist, humic
  • Variegated varieties are particularly attractive as standard trees
  • Very decorative in the entrance area or as a mini avenue tree

Evergreen hardy tall stems from L to W

Tree of Life (Thuja occidentalis)

Thuja occidentalis 'Sunkist'
  • Height: 200 to 400 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 20 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • fruits: brownish cones
  • Leaves: green
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: undemanding
  • The "Rheingold" variety with its yellow to orange-red coloring is particularly attractive

Mediterranean Firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea)

Pyrantha coccinea 'Red Column'
  • Height: 200 - 300 cm
  • Annual growth: 20 - 50 cm
  • flowers: white, simple
  • Flowering period: May to June
  • Fruits: reddish fruits
  • Leaves: leathery, oval, small
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: normal garden soil, well drained
  • lush fruit decoration
  • Fruit popular with birds
  • very cutting intensive

Shell cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)

Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana gracilis')
  • Height: 100 to 300 cm
  • Annual growth: 5 to 10 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • fruits: brownish cones
  • Leaves: green, scale-like, arranged in a fan-like manner
  • Location: sunny to shady
  • Soil: nutritious, fresh, sandy
  • very varied due to the growth of the branches
  • only needs to be cut moderately

Black Pine (Pinus nigra)

  • Height: 70 to 120 cm
  • Annual growth: 3 to 8 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • Fruits: brown cones
  • Leaves: long needles gathered in tufts
  • Location: sunny
  • Soil: dry, fresh, sandy, well-drained
  • very hardy
  • can also be used for decorative arrangements

Notice: If you want to plant a black pine in the garden as a standard, choose a variety like "Marie Brégeon", which remains small. Otherwise it can happen that the black pine grows several meters high.

Holly (Ilex aquifolium)

  • Height: 150 to 200 cm
  • Annual growth: 10 to 20 cm
  • flowers: white, inconspicuous
  • Flowering period: May to June
  • Fruits: red berries
  • Leaves: leathery, intense green, with spines
  • Location: sunny to semi-shady
  • Soil: fresh, permeable, humic
  • in addition to varieties with green leaves, there are also variegated holly

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

  • Height: 400 to 600 cm
  • Annual growth: 10 to 12 cm
  • flowers: inconspicuous
  • Fruits: brown cones
  • Leaves: long needles, silvery
  • Location: sunny
  • Soil: dry, fresh, sandy, acidic

Evergreen oleaster (Elaeagnus ebbingei)

  • Height: 250 to 300 cm
  • Annual growth: 10 to 25 cm
  • flowers: white
  • Flowering period: October to November
  • Fruits: orange-green, oblong
  • Leaves: elliptic, glossy, leathery
  • Location: partially shaded
  • Soil: normal garden soil, undemanding
  • heat resistant
  • Flowers with an intense fragrance

Notice: The evergreen oleaster is only evergreen in mild regions. Although it is hardy in areas with severe frost, it usually loses its leaves and should also be protected from too low temperatures.

frequently asked Questions

Is a standard tree difficult to care for?

Regular pruning is essential for shrubs or trees that are raised to trunks. Not only the consistent shaping of the crown is important, but also the removal of side shoots on the trunk.

How tall do trunks get?

The size that a standard tree can reach depends on the species. There are definitely standard trees that can reach several meters. But there are also tall trees, such as the Himalayan cedar, which grow very slowly and take a long time to reach their full size.

Can stems be cultivated in pots or tubs?

Yes, a clear stem that is evergreen and hardy can also be cultivated in a bucket. However, it is important here that the root ball is protected in winter. No protection is necessary above ground for the hardy plants, as they survive the frost well.

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Garden plants