Mushrooms are not only available in supermarkets, as various types of mushrooms are also native to the forest and fields in this country. Nevertheless, care should be taken when collecting, because not all are edible, some are even poisonous.

In a nutshell

  • Mushrooms real power mushrooms
  • also native to woods and meadows
  • some mushroom species have poisonous doubles

Delicious and healthy

Mushrooms (Agaricus), also known as Egerlinge, are one of the favorite mushrooms in this country. Cultivated mushrooms are available in every supermarket all year round. The mushrooms are very healthy and tasty. They are among the healthiest mushrooms of all, as they contain a high proportion of vitamin D, B2, but also biotin, niacin and various minerals such as potassium, copper, selenium, iron and phosphorus. You can also collect these power mushrooms yourself, because there are different types of mushrooms that are native to nature. But beware, some of them can easily be mistaken for poisonous doubles.

List of native mushroom species

In the list, different types of mushrooms that are native to Germany are presented with regard to the most important distinguishing features.

Notice: If uncertainties arise when determining a mushroom species, it is always advisable to consult a mushroom consultant.

From D to K

Thin-fleshed aniseed worm (Agaricus silvicola)

  • Occurrence: Deciduous and coniferous forests, under beech and spruce
  • Period: July to September
  • Appearance: white cap, diameter 5-10 cm, pink to brown lamellae, white flesh, 5-10 cm long white stem
  • Odor: strong aniseed
  • Taste: sweet
  • Edible: yes, very good edible mushroom
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous death cap mushroom

False Meadow Mushroom (Agaricus pseudopratensis)

  • Occurrence: Meadows, coniferous forests under spruces
  • Period: July to October
  • Appearance: gray-brownish cap, diameter 2-8 cm, pink to reddish-purple lamellae, white-gray soft flesh, 5-10 cm long white stem
  • Odor: of turpentine, carbolic or iodine
  • Taste: unremarkable
  • Edible: no, poisonous
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous death cap mushrooms, poisonous carbolic mushrooms

Flaky Mushroom (Agaricus subfloccosus)

Source: 2012-07-09_Agaricus_subfloccosus_235732.jpg.webp: This image was created by user Landsnorkler at Mushroom Observer, a source for mycological images.
You can contact this user here. German | espanol | french | italiano | macedonian | മലയാളം | portugues | +/− derivative work: Ak ccm, 2012-07-09 Agaricus subfloccosus 235732 crop, edited by Plantopedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
  • Occurrence: Coniferous forest under spruces
  • Period: June to September
  • Appearance: off-white cap, 5 to 15 cm in diameter, pink lamellae, white and firm flesh, 4 to 10 cm long white to grey-reddish stem
  • Odour: slightly acidic
  • Taste: sweet
  • Edible: yes
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous death cap mushroom

Great Aniseed Moth (Agaricus macrocarpus)

  • Occurrence: forest edges, meadows, paths, gravel places
  • Period: July to September
  • Appearance: whitish-yellow cap, diameter 5-20 cm, pink to black-brown lamellae, white to ocher flesh, 10-20 cm long white stem
  • Odour: aniseed
  • Taste: earthy mild
  • Edible: yes
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous carbolic mushroom, poisonous death cap mushroom (Amanita verna)

Carbolic mushroom (Agaricus xanthodermus)

  • Occurrence: Deciduous and coniferous forests, parks, gardens, meadows, in large groups
  • Period: July to October
  • Appearance: white cap, diameter 5-12 cm, pink to brown lamellae, white flesh, 6-12 cm long white stem
  • Odor: strong carbolic
  • Taste: very unpleasant
  • Edible: no, poisonous

From P to S

Guinea fowl (Agaricus moelleri)

  • Occurrence: mixed forest, parks
  • Period: June to September
  • Appearance: White to light yellow cap, brown scales, 4 to 13 cm in diameter, pink to dark brown lamellae, white to slightly yellowish flesh, 3 to 15 cm long whitish yellow stalk
  • Odour: carbolic, slightly ink-like
  • Taste: mild
  • Edible: no, poisonous
  • Risk of confusion: edible Waldegerling, edible giant mushroom

Giant mushroom (Agaricus augustus)

  • Occurrence: Deciduous and coniferous forests, mostly at the edge of the forest
  • Period: July to September
  • Appearance: brownish cap, diameter 10-20 cm, white lamellae, white flesh, white stem 10-20 cm long
  • Smell: like anise
  • Taste: very mild
  • Edible: yes, very tasty edible mushroom
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous guinea fowl

Notice: Before cooking, the scales should be removed.

Crooked aniseed mushroom (Agaricus essettei)

  • Occurrence: Coniferous forests, in groups under spruces
  • Period: July to October
  • Appearance: white cap, diameter 8-12 cm, gray lamellae, white flesh, white stem 10-14 cm long
  • Odour: aniseed
  • Taste: mild
  • Edible: yes, tasty edible mushroom
  • Danger of confusion: deadly poisonous death cap mushroom

Notice: The white hat turns lemon yellow when pressed.

City mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis)

Source: Wilhelm Zimmerling PAR, Ruhland. By the stream 2a, Roadside Urban Mushroom, Autumn, 06, Edited by Plantopedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Occurrence: Parks, gardens, rubbish heaps, rubble dumps, roadsides
  • Period: May to October
  • Appearance: white cap, diameter 3-15 cm, pink to dark brown lamellae, white flesh, 3-6 cm long white stem
  • Odour: pleasantly mushroomy
  • Taste: pleasant
  • Edible: yes, tasty edible mushroom
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous carbolic mushrooms, light death cap mushrooms such as poisonous death cap mushroom (Amanita virosa)

Notice: These mushrooms are often environmentally polluted due to their location.

From W to Z

Forest mushroom (Agaricus silvaticus)

  • Occurrence: Coniferous and mixed forests, often under spruces
  • Period: July to October
  • Appearance: ocher to cinnamon colored cap, diameter 5 to 10 cm, grey-pink to brown-reddish lamellae, white flesh, 7 to 10 cm long white stem
  • Odour: smelling of wood
  • Taste: very aromatic
  • Edible: yes, good edible mushroom
  • Danger of confusion: poisonous flesh-brown umbrella lice (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), poisonous guinea fowl nigger lice

Wine red dwarf mushroom (Agaricus semotus)

Source: Jerzy Opioła, Agaricus G4 3), Edited by Plantopedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
  • Occurrence: deciduous forests, parks, roadsides
  • Period: June to October
  • Appearance: light brown cap, diameter 2-5 cm, gray-pink lamellae, white flesh, 3-7 cm long whitish-yellow stem
  • Odour: almond or aniseed
  • Taste: very mild
  • Edible: yes
  • Danger of confusion: inedible stink parakeet (Lepiota cristata), poisonous guinea fowl nigger

White aniseed mushroom (Agaricus arvensis)

  • Occurrence: Deciduous and coniferous forests, parks, on sunny areas
  • Period: May to October
  • Appearance: white cap, 5-20 cm in diameter, white to pink lamellae, white flesh, 6-15 cm long white stem
  • Odour: aniseed
  • Taste: slightly nutty
  • Edible: yes, excellent edible mushroom
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous death cap species

Meadow mushroom (Agaricus campestris)

  • Occurrence: fertilized meadows and pastures
  • Period: July to October
  • Appearance: white cap, diameter 4 to 12 cm, pink to brown lamellae, white flesh, 3 to 8 cm long brownish stem
  • Odor: pleasant
  • Flavor: very exquisite
  • Edible: yes, tasty edible mushroom
  • Danger of confusion: poisonous carbolic mushrooms, deadly cone-shaped death cap mushrooms

Agaricus lanipes

Source: Strobilomyces, Agaricus lanipes 20121012w, Edited by Plantopedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
  • Occurrence: Mixed forest, gardens, parks, under deciduous trees
  • Period: June to October
  • Appearance: Dark brown to chocolate brown cap, 4 to 13 cm in diameter, pink to brownish reddish lamellae, white to slightly light tan flesh, brownish stem with woolly ocher mycelium strands, 4 to 6 cm long
  • Smell: slightly like marzipan
  • Taste: mild
  • Edible: yes
  • Risk of confusion: edible cultivated mushrooms and edible giant mushrooms

Cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)

  • Occurrence: Fields, gardens, fertilized meadows, compost heaps
  • Period: June to November
  • Appearance: White to brown cap, 5 to 10 cm in diameter, pink to brown lamellae, white flesh, 3 to 8 cm long white stem
  • Odor: very pleasant
  • Taste: mild and pleasant
  • Edible: yes, excellent edible mushroom
  • Risk of confusion: poisonous death cap mushrooms

frequently asked Questions

Is it possible to eat mushrooms raw?

Yes of course. They should first be cleaned properly with a vegetable brush. Unlike cooking, raw mushrooms still contain all the valuable vitamins and nutrients.

How can poisonous mushroom species be identified?

The first warning sign is always the smell. It is unpleasant and smells of carbolic, fish or ink. In addition, these mushrooms quickly turn yellow, mainly at the base of the stem. Generally speaking, if there is no anise-like odor, they are mostly poisonous species.

What are the consequences of eating carbolic mushrooms?

These mushrooms are slightly poisonous. Immediately after consumption, diarrhea, vomiting, but also dizziness and blurred vision can occur.

Category:

Vegetable garden